Date : 1979 - 1980 soviet v. afghan
1979 - 1989 soviet v. rebel
soviet war in afghanistan was a conflict between soviet led afghan backed communist reign against multi national rebel group known internationally as " mujahedeen ". the war was began on 1979 and ended on 1989. after saur revolution , PDPA under nur Taraki success on ruling the afghan govt and enstablished the democratic republic of afghanistan on 1978.Taraki use soviet system as new laws its including land reform and marriage custom in which its contrast with islamic laws and started insurgency.some of local afghan attacked afghan army in nuristan and its quickly spread across the country this is also the beginning of afghan request to soviet to send military assistance to secure kabul from rebel.inside afghan govt the party was divided into two factions for election of new general secretary and amin's faction won election over karmal 's faction.nur Taraki former of afghan president was killed by amin's guard this making soviet afghan relation becaming worse and KGB informed that amin has secret negoitation with Pakistan and China ( at the time they were soviet's enemies ) soviet govt believed amin was CIA agent and traitor who has secret meeting with the west.soviet union sent troops to assassinate amin the invasion was led by KGB alpha group and soviet airborne ( muslim batallion ) soviet entered kabul in 1979 and killed amin on tajbek palace and replaced him with pro soviet reign Babrak karmal as president of afghanistan. After knew this invasion USA began to plan a trap for soviet union to destroy their economy and as revenge for unsuccessful war inVietnam that cost billion dollar.Pakistan and China trained and gave a weapons to Peshawar Seven to defeat afghanistan and financial aid from Saudi arabia and USA meanwhile Tehran Eight gained international support from Islamic republic of Iran.Soviet army later stayed in afghanistan to protect kabul from multinational rebel group called dushman meaning " enemy " by soviet union.on 1980 soviet launched full scale war against mujahedeen soviet troops reached into 100.000 troops armed with thousand of tanks , aircraft and artillery meanwhile mujahedeen gained weapons from CIA via pakistani border. soviet stormed mujahedeen and wiped them out of panjshir valley some of soviet artillery was captured by mujahedeen. Ahmad shah Massoud was leader of rebel in panjshir valley his group was success on attacked soviet/afghan convoys in valley despite having small victory against soviet convoys Massoud and his men was not success to capture panjshir valley until soviet withdrawal.during the war soviet was using aircraft to bombed mujahedeen in valleys and village soviet also created afghan secret police known as KHAD to gained some information and this group was success on infiltrating mujahedeen. USA later aimed mujahedeen with stinger missile a portalbe missile to destroy soviet's aircraft. on 1985 mujahedeen was success on defeated soviet air force. during this year mujaheeden destroy aircraft per day and it cost billion dollar for soviet union some of American analisyst believed this stinger's effect changed the game in which soviet aircrafts were unable to attack mujahedeen from above and soviet air force from hunter to being hunted.the mujahedeen never won a piece battle with soviet force but after stinger they never lose once.soviet was able to flies on skies and shorties at will with introduction of SU - 25 and MI 24 attack helichopter soviet had powerful air craft to take more damage from mujahedeen's attack and if soviet army are in troubles they will call either SU 25 or MI 24 to attack mujahedeen and giving air support on 1985 soviet army was traped in afghanistan because the effect of stinger missile soviet army was reached into 100.000 making the 1985 the bloodiest year ever. Gen Boris Gromov announced soviet will withdraw from afghanistan The arrival of mikhail gorbachev on the scene and his foreign policy was main factor soviet left afghanistan soviet army began to train afghan army and replaced soviet to fight against rebel group.soviet later defeated mujahedeen on operation magistral the last operation to open the road from gardez to khost that was blocked by local tribes and rebel group.after soviet won victory against mujahedeen soviet leave afghanistan before leaving the country soviet stopped in kabul to say good bye to local afghan people and afghan army later but mujahedeen didnt let soviet to leave with peace mujaheeden stromed soviet convoys with 1.200 troops but they were defeated once again by soviet.the withdrawal of soviet forces was success and to symbolic move boris gromov was the last soviet soldier to walk into the soviet territory through uzbek - afghan bridge the war was ended on 1989
RESULT OF WAR
soviet won the war in afghanistan as well as soviet forces defeated afghan army and replaced amin with pro soviet reign Babrak karmal and soviet occupied afghanistan until 1991.mujahedeen cannot defeated soviet backed afghanistan until 1992 and soviet loose 14.543 troops and mujahedeen loose more than 90.000 souls this making soviet more powerful and stronger than mujahedeen its likely because soviet army had previous combat experience than rebel and soviet army was trained better and having powerful weapons than mujahedeen.soviet defeated mujahedeen in operation magistral and wiped mujahedeen out of pansjir valley soviet stormed mujahedeen each years and using SU 25 to bombed mujahedeen in mountainous region.even with billion dollar and weapons from America , Pakistan and China mujahedeen cannot defeat soviet army and afghanistan.unlike dramatically Vietnam soviet's withdrawal was success to sent back soviet troops to soviet territory.Soviet army also defeated Iranian and Pakistani air force that want to entered afghanistan's skies during the war for the soviet army they defeated mujahedeen and rebel cannot defeat kabul until end of soviet aid in 1991.
AFTERMATH
after soviet war in afghnistan the govt was occupied by mujahedeen in 1992 because soviet stopped give aid to afghan govt later mujahedeen enstablished Islamic state of afghanistan.total casualities of afghan estimated around 1,5 million killed and 5 million flee to Pakistan and Iran border most of villages in afghanistan was destroyed by war.mujahedeen was quickly evolved into Taliban and Al Qaeda and defeated afghan govt on 1996 but later they were defeated by USA due to september 11 2001.the world critized USA for being aided these group in 1980s.some of these mujahedeen fighters rose to most wanted person known as Osama bin Laden and he was killed on 2012 in northern Pakistan. Taliban was created by former afghan rebel known as mullah omar and rose to power in afghan civil war and on 2001 NATO led intervention in afghanistan known as ISAF was success on overthrown Taliban from power but insurgency is still ongoing and according to USA Taliban helped and hiding osama bin laden the man who responsible for september 11 attacks.on 2014 NATO withdrawed its forces from afghanistan before leaving ISAF trained and transfer the combat role to afghan army.on 2015 the new afghanistan war was began and afghan army supported by Resolute support forces faced Taliban and the war is still ongoing with the arrival of ISIS.
source : my knowledge and wikipedia soviet war in afghanistan
